IF 13.3！ Oral treatment of alcoholic acute gastritis with ultra-small polyphenol nanoenzyme

Excessive drinking and long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) can lead to gastritis, affecting millions of people around the world, but safe and effective treatment options are still limited. Although a series of nanoenzymes have been used in the oral treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the research on the treatment of gastritis has not been explored. Rapid gastric emptying, severe gastric acid erosion and challenges posed by non-edible ingredients hinder the practical application of nano-enzyme in this case. Here, three types of sub-10 nm ultra-small iron polyphenol nanoenzymes (UIPNs) were synthesized by using completely edible natural active polyphenols, iron ions and PVP. UIPNs quickly penetrated into gastric mucosa, stayed in the stomach for more than 12 h, and remained stable in harsh acidic environment. They showed excellent enzyme-like activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Compared with omeprazole, all three types of UIPN showed superior activity, among which FIUIPN showed the best performance in preventing and protecting alcohol-induced gastric mucosal damage in mice. The ingredients completely from food are constructed into ultra-small nano-enzyme by noncovalent interactions, which ensures long-term safety and is expected to play an important role in various gastrointestinal diseases.

Innovation:1. A fully edible ultra-small nano-enzyme system was designed, which was constructed by natural polyphenols, iron ions and PVP to achieve safety, non-toxicity and good biocompatibility;2. Excellent gastric retention and protection effects are achieved, and it can quickly penetrate gastric mucosa and stay in the stomach stably for more than 12 hours;3. Multiple enzyme activities (CAT, POD, SOD) are integrated to form a synergistic protective effect, and the therapeutic effect is better than that of omeprazole, a commonly used clinical drug;4. Nano-enzyme is constructed by noncovalent interactions, which avoids chemical synthesis and ensures the safety of long-term use.

 Scientific research inspiration: 1. Design materials according to clinical needs, and optimize the properties of materials according to the special environment of stomach (rapid emptying and strong acidity);2. Using the synergistic effect of multiple enzyme activities to improve the therapeutic effect and emphasize the importance of functional integration;3. The value of interdisciplinary (material science, enzyme engineering, gastropathy treatment) in solving complex medical problems; 4. Pay attention to the safety of materials and ensure the importance of biocompatibility from the source design.

 Extension of ideas: 1. Treatment application expansion: explore the treatment of other digestive tract diseases, develop preventive health care products, and study joint treatment programs; 2. Deepening the mechanism research: studying the interaction between materials and gastric mucosa, exploring the multi-enzyme synergistic mechanism, and evaluating the microecological impact; 3. Material optimization direction: screening more natural active ingredients, optimizing particle size and morphology, and improving stability; 4. Integration of diagnosis and treatment: integration of diagnosis function, development of real-time monitoring means and establishment of curative effect evaluation system.

DOI : 10.1016/j.cej.2024.157090