Meningitis doctor-worker cross-Janus orthogonal nanofiber membrane containing CPP@PDA for skull base reconstruction

This article is selected:Cerebrospinal fluid leakage is a common complication in neurosurgery. Reconstruction of skull base defect with patch material can reduce the risk of cerebrospinal fluid leakage, which may lead to serious problems, such as infection, meningitis, arachnoiditis and delayed wound healing. The ideal skull base reconstruction material should not only be used as a leakage barrier, but also promote skull base bone regeneration. In order to meet this challenge, a Janus orthogonal double-layer nanofiber membrane (OPCL/PG-PCPP) was designed and manufactured. The arranged PCL (APCL) nanofibers are used as the top layer to resist cerebrospinal fluid leakage, while the vertical PCL/ gelatin (APG) fibers wrapped with poly-dopamine nanoparticles (CPP@PDA, labeled PCPP) are designed as the bottom layer (APG-PCPP) to promote osteoblast migration and osteogenic differentiation. Among them, APG-1%PCPP nanofibers showed the most effective osteogenic differentiation induction in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSC). Subsequent in vivo animal experiments showed that the bone surface area (BS), bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and trabecular number (Tb.N) of APG-1%PCPP group were twice as high as those of the control group, which confirmed the good osteogenic potential. Therefore, due to its unique leakproof and osteoinductive properties, OPCL/PG-PCPP membrane is expected to become a suitable skull base reconstruction material in neurosurgery.

Innovations: 1. Innovative design of Janus orthogonal double-layer nanofiber membrane, which realizes the dual functions of leakage prevention and bone regeneration; 2. Dopamine nanoparticles coated with calcium polyphosphate (CPP@PDA) were introduced into skull base reconstruction materials for the first time; 3. Adopt the hierarchical accurate construction strategy, the upper nanofiber is used to prevent cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and the lower nanofiber promotes bone tissue regeneration; 4. Optimize the osteogenic differentiation induction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by adjusting the proportion of nanoparticles (1% PCPP).

 Scientific research inspiration: 1. It is proved that precise modification of nanoparticles can significantly improve the repair performance of biomaterials; 2. Reveals the importance of the structure-function relationship of materials in tissue engineering; 3. To provide a systematic idea to solve the complex surgical repair problems; 4. Demonstrate the feasibility of multifunctional collaboration in biomaterial design.

 Extension of ideas: 1. Explore the application of similar double-layer structure in other complex tissue repair; 2. According to different tissue defects, the ratio of nanoparticles and fiber structure can be further adjusted; 3. Expand the research on the modification methods of nanoparticles and develop more functional materials; 4. This method is extended to many medical fields such as nervous system, orthopedics and plastic surgery. 5. In-depth study on the precise mechanism of interaction between nanomaterials and cells; 6. Develop more intelligent biomaterials with multiple functions; 7. Establish a more perfect design theory and experimental paradigm of biomaterials.

DOI : 10.1016/j.jmst.2024.03.069